Fill in the blanks for each of the following independent cases

2-29 Basic Review Exercises

Fill in the blanks for each of the following independent cases:
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)
Selling Variable Total Total Total (f)
Price Cost Units Contribution Fixed Net
Case per Unit per Unit Sold Margin Costs Income
1 $25 $— 120,000 $720,000 $640,000 $ —
2 10 6 100,000 — 320,000 —
3 20 15 — 100,000 — 15,000
4 30 20 70,000 — — 12,000
5 — 9 80,000 160,000 110,000 —

Click here for the solution: Fill in the blanks for each of the following independent cases

Presented on page 890 are two independent situations

Exercise 17-12 (E17-12) (Journal Entries for Fair Value and Equity Methods) Presented on page 890 are two independent situations.

Situation 1
Conchita Cosmetics acquired 10% of the 200,000 shares of common stock of Martinez Fashion at a total cost of $13 per share on March 18, 2007. On June 30, Martinez declared and paid a $75,000 cash dividend. On December 31, Martinez reported net income of $122,000 for the year. At December 31, the market price of Martinez Fashion was $15 per share. The securities are classified as available-for-sale.

Situation 2
Monica, Inc. obtained significant influence over Seles Corporation by buying 30% of Seles’s 30,000 outstanding shares of common stock at a total cost of $9 per share on January 1, 2007. On June 15, Seles declared and paid a cash dividend of $36,000. On December 31, Seles reported a net income of $85,000 for the year.

Instructions
Prepare all necessary journal entries in 2007 for both situations.

Click here for the solution: Presented on page 890 are two independent situations

Presented below are two independent situations

E14-3 (Entries for Bond Transactions) Presented below are two independent situations.

1.) On January 1. 2008, Paul Simon Company issued $200,000 of 9%. 10-year bonds dated June 1 at par. Interest quarterly on April 1, July 1, October 1 and January 1.
2.) On January 1, 2008, Graceland Company issued $100,000 of 12%, 10-year bonds dated June 1 at par. Interest is payable semiannually on July 1 and January 1.

Instructions
For each of these two independent situations, prepare journal entries to record:
a.) The issuance of bonds
b.) The payment of interest on July 1
c.) The accrual of interest on December 31

Click here for the solution: Presented below are two independent situations

In each of the following independent cases the company closes its books on December 31

Problem: P14-5 -- Reporting Liabilities (Comprehensive Bond Problem)

In each of the following independent cases the company closes its books on December 31.

1. Sanford Co. sells $500,000 of 10% bonds on March 1, 2010. The bonds pay interest on September 1 and March 1. The due date of the bonds is September 1, 2013. The  bonds yield 12%. Give entries through December 31, 2011.

2. Titania Co. sells $400,000 of 12% bonds on June 1, 2010. The bonds pay interest on December 1 and June 1. The due date of the bonds is June 1, 2014. The bonds yield 10%. On October 1, 2011. Titania buys back $120,000 worth of bonds for $126,000 (includes accrued interest). Give entries through December 1, 2012.

Instructions
(Round to the nearest dollar.)
For the two cases prepare all of the relevant journal entries from the time of sale until the date indicated. Use the effective-interest method for discount and premium amortization (construct amortization tables where applicable). Amortize premium or discount on interest dates and at year-end. (Assume that no reversing entries were made.)

Click here for the solution: In each of the following independent cases the company closes its books on December 31

For the following independent situations, assume that you are the audit partner on the engagement

Auditing P 3-28

For the following independent situations, assume that you are the audit partner on the engagement:

1. During your audit of Debold.com, Inc. you conclude that there is a possibility that inventory is materially overstated. The client refuses to allow you to expand the scope of your audit sufficiently to verify whether the balance is actually misstated.
2. Four weeks after the year-end date, a major customer of Prince Construction Co. declared bankruptcy. Because the customer had confirmed the balance due to Prince at the balance sheet date, management refuses to charge off the account or otherwise disclose the information. The receivable represents approximately 10% of accounts receivable and 20% of net earnings before taxes.
3. You complete the audit of Johnson Department Store, and in your opinion, the financial statements are fairly presented. On the last day of the audit, you discover that one of your supervisors assigned to the audit has a material investment in Johnson.
4. Auto Delivery Company has a fleet of several delivery trucks. In the past, Auto Delivery had followed the policy of purchasing all equipment. In the current year, they decided to lease the trucks. The method of accounting for the trucks is therefore changed to lease capitalization. This change in policy is fully disclosed in footnotes.
5. You are auditing Woodcolst Linen Services for the first time. Woodcolst has been in business for several years but has never had an audit before. After the audit is completed, you conclude that the current year balance sheet is stated correctly in accordance with GAAP. The client did not authorize you to do test work for any of the previous years.
6. You were engaged to audit the Cutter Steel Company's financial statements after the close of the corporation's fiscal year. Because you were not engaged until after the balance sheet date, you were not able to physically observe inventory, which is highly material. On the completion of your audit, you are satisfied that Cutter's financial statements are presented fairly, including inventory about which you were able to satisfy yourself by the use of alternative audit procedures.

For each situation, do the following:
a. Identify which of the conditions requiring a modification of or a deviation from an unqualified standard report is applicable.
b. State the level of materiality as immaterial, material, or highly material. If you cannot decide the level of materiality, state the additional information needed to make a decision.
c. Given your answers in parts a and b, sate the type of audit report that should be issued. If you have not decided on level of materiality in part b, state the appropriate report for each alternative materiality level.


Click here for the solution: For the following independent situations, assume that you are the audit partner on the engagement

Often, questions have been raised "regarding the responsibility of the independent auditor for the auditor for the discovery of fraud

Auditing P 6-22 Often, questions have been raised "regarding the responsibility of the independent auditor for the auditor for the discovery of fraud (including misappropriation of assets and fraudulent financial reporting), and concerning the proper course of conduct of the independent auditor when his or her audit discloses specific circumstances that arouse suspicion as to the existence of fraud."

Required:
a. What are (1) the function and (2) the responsibilities of the independent auditor in the audit of financial statements? Discuss fully, but in this part do not include fraud in the discussion.
b. What are the responsibilities of the independent auditor for the detection of fraud? Discuss fully.
c. What is the independent auditor's proper course of conduct when the audit discloses specific circumstances that arouse suspicion as to the existence of fraud?


Click here for the solution: Often, questions have been raised "regarding the responsibility of the independent auditor for the auditor for the discovery of fraud

16-41 (Choosing the Type of Opinion) Several independent audit situations are presented here

16-41 (Choosing the Type of Opinion) Several independent audit situations are presented here. Assume that everything other than what is described would have resulted in an unqualified opinion.

Required
Indicate the type of opinion you believe should be expressed in each situation, and explain your choice. If an explanatory paragraph is needed, indicate whether it should precede or follow the opinion paragraph.

a. The auditor was unable to obtain confirmations from two of the client's major customers that were included in the sample. These customers wrote on the confirmation letters that they were unable to confirm the balances because of their accounting systems. The auditor was able to become satisfied by other audit procedures.

b. The client treated a lease as an operating lease, but the auditor believes it should have been accounted for as a capital lease.The effects are material.

c. The client changed from FIFO to LIFO this year.The effect is material. Assume:
1. The change was properly accounted for, justified, and disclosed.
2. The change was properly accounted for and disclosed, but was not properly justified.

d. The client restricted the auditor from observing the physical inventory. Inventory is a material item.

e. The client is engaged in a product liability lawsuit that is properly accounted for and adequately described in the footnotes. The lawsuit does not threaten the going concern assumption, but an adverse decision by the court could create a material obligation for the client.

f. The status of the client as a going concern is extremely doubtful. The problems are properly described in the footnotes.

g. One of your client's subsidiaries was audited by another audit firm, whose opinion was qualified because of a GAAP violation.You do not believe that the GAAP violation is material to the consolidated financial statements on which you are expressing an opinion.

h. You are convinced that your client is violating another company's patent in the process of manufacturing its only product.The client will not disclose this, because it does not want to wave a red flag and bring this violation to the other company's attention.

i. The client, with reasonable justification, has changed its method of accounting for depreciation for all factory and office equipment.The effect of this change is not material to the current year financial statements, but is likely to have a material effect in future years. The client's management will not disclose this change because of the immaterial effect on the current-year statements.You have been unable to persuade management to make the disclosure.


Click here for the solution: 16-41 (Choosing the Type of Opinion) Several independent audit situations are presented here

Described below are three independent and unrelated situations involving accounting changes

P11-10 Accounting changes; three accounting situations

Described below are three independent and unrelated situations involving accounting changes. Each change occurs during 2011 before any adjusting entries or closing entries are prepared.

a. On December 30, 2007, Rival Industries acquired its office building at a cost of $10,000,000. It has been depreciated on a straight-line basis assuming a useful life of 40 years and no residual value. Early in 2011, the estimate of useful life was revised to 28 years in total with no change in residual value.

b. At the beginning of 2007, the Hoffman Group purchased office equipment at a cost of $330,000. Its useful life was estimated to be 10 years with no residual value. The equipment has been depreciated by the sum-of-the-years'-digits method. On January 1, 2011, the company changed to the straight-line method.

c. At the beginning of 2011, Jantzen Specialties, which uses the sum-of-the-years'-digits method, changed to the straight-line method for newly acquired buildings and equipment. The change increased current year net income by $445,000.


Click here for the solution: Described below are three independent and unrelated situations involving accounting changes

Valley Corporation is attempting to select the best of a group of independent projects competing for the firm’s fixed capital budget of $4.5 million

Valley Corporation is attempting to select the best of a group of independent projects competing for the firm’s fixed capital budget of $4.5 million. The firm recognizes that any unused portion of this budget will learn than its 15% cost of capital, thereby resulting in a present value of inflows that is less than the initial investment. The firm has summarized, in the following table, the key data to be used in selecting the best group projects.

Project Initial Investment IRR Present Value of inflows at 15%
A $5,000,000 17% $5,400,000
B 800,000 18 1,100,000
C 2,000,000 19 2,300,000
D 1,500,000 16 1,600,000
E 800,000 22 900,000
F 2,500,000 23 3,000,000
G 1,200,000 20 1,300,000

a. Use the internal rate of return (IRR) approach to select the best group of projects.
b. Use the net present value (NPV) approach to select the best group of projects.
c. Compare, contrast, and discuss your findings in parts a and b.
d. Which projects should the firm implement? Why?

Click here for the solution: Valley Corporation is attempting to select the best of a group of independent projects competing for the firm’s fixed capital budget of $4.5 million

Several independent audit situations are presented here

16-41: Several independent audit situations are presented here. Assume that everything other than what is described would have resulted in an unqualified opinion on the company’s financial statements.

Required
Indicate the type of opinion you believe should be expressed in each situation and explain your choice. If an explanatory paragraph is needed, indicate whether it should precede or follow the opinion paragraph.
a. The auditor was unable to obtain confirmations from two of the client’s major customers that were included in the sample. These customers wrote on the confirmation letters that they were unable to confirm the balances because of their accounting systems. The auditor was able to achieve satisfaction through other audit procedures.
b. The client treated a lease as an operating lease, but the auditor believes it should have been accounted for as a capital lease. The effects are material.
c. The client changed from FIFO to LIFO this year. The effect is material. Address each of the following situations:
(i) The change was properly accounted for, justified, and disclosed.
(ii) The change was properly accounted for and disclosed but was not properly justified.
d. The client restricted the auditor from observing the physical inventory. Inventory is a material item.
e. The client is engaged in a product liability lawsuit that is properly accounted for and adequately described in the footnotes. The lawsuit does not threaten the going-concern assumption, but an adverse decision by the court could create a material obligation for the client.
f. The status of the client as a going concern is extremely doubtful. The problems are properly described in the footnotes.
g. One of your client’s subsidiaries was audited by another audit firm, whose opinion was qualified because of a GAAP violation. You do not believe that the GAAP violation is material to the consolidated financial statements on which you are expressing an opinion.
h. You are convinced that your client is violating another company’s patent in the process of manufacturing its only product. The client will not disclose this because it does not want to wave a red flag and bring this violation to the other company’s attention. A preliminary estimate is that the royalty payments required would be material to the financial statements.
i. The client, with reasonable justification, has changed its method of accounting for depreciation for all factory and office equipment. The effect of this change is not material to the current
year financial statements, but is likely to have a material effect in future years. The client’s management will not disclose this change because of the immaterial effect on the current-year
statements. You have been unable to persuade management to make the disclosure.

Click here for the solution: Several independent audit situations are presented here

Cantu was hired as a special education teacher by the San Benito Consolidated Independent School District under a one-year contract for the 1990–91 school year

Cantu was hired as a special education teacher by the San Benito Consolidated Independent School District under a one-year contract for the 1990–91 school year. On August 18, 1990, shortly before the start of the school year, Cantu hand-delivered to her supervisor a letter of resignation, effective August 17, 1990. In this letter, Cantu requested that her final paycheck be forwarded to an address in McAllen, Texas, some 50 miles from the San Benito office where she tendered the resignation. The San Benito superintendent of schools, the only official authorized to accept resignations on behalf of the school district, received Cantu’s resignation on Monday, August 20. The superintendent wrote a letter accepting Cantu’s resignation the same day and deposited the letter, properly stamped and addressed, in the mail at approximately 5:15 PM that afternoon. At about 8:00 AM the next morning, August 21, Cantu hand-delivered to the superintendent’s office a letter withdrawing her resignation. This letter contained a San Benito return address. In response, the superintendent hand-delivered that same day a copy of his letter mailed the previous day to inform Cantu that her resignation had been accepted and could not be withdrawn. The dispute was taken to the state commissioner of education, who concluded that the school district’s refusal to honor Cantu’s contract was lawful, because the school district’s acceptance of Cantu’s resignation was effective when mailed, which resulted in the formation of an agreement to rescind Cantu’s employment contract. Cantu argued that the mailbox rule should not apply because her offer was made in person and the superintendent was not authorized to accept by using mail. Is this a good argument?

Click here for the solution: Cantu was hired as a special education teacher by the San Benito Consolidated Independent School District under a one-year contract for the 1990–91 school year

Consider the following independent situations

E6-10 (Unknown Periods and Unknown Interest Rate) Consider the following independent situations.
(a) Mark Yoders wishes to become a millionaire. His money market fund has a balance of $148,644 and has a guaranteed interest rate of 10%. How many years must Mark leave that balance in the fund in order to get his desired $1,000,000?
(b) Assume that Elvira Lehman desires to accumulate $1 million in 15 years using her money market fund balance of $239,392. At what interest rate must Elvira’s investment compound annually?

Click here for the solution: Consider the following independent situations

In each of the following independent situations, determine the gift tax that was due and the decedent’s final estate tax liability

In each of the following independent situations, determine the gift tax that was due and the decedent’s final estate tax liability (net of any unified tax credit). Decedent
Dana Alice Ken
Year of death 2003 2004 2012
Taxable estate $900,000 $1,700,000 $1,400,000
Post-1976 taxable gifts -
Made in 2000 900,000 - -
Made in 2001 - 800,00 -
Made in 2011 - - 5,200,000

Click here for the solution: In each of the following independent situations, determine the gift tax that was due and the decedent’s final estate tax liability

(Computation of Operating Activities—Direct Method) Presented below are two independent situations

E23-7 (Computation of Operating Activities—Direct Method) Presented below are two independent situations.

Situation A:
Chenowith Co. reports revenues of $200,000 and operating expenses of $110,000 in its first year of operations, 2010. Accounts receivable and accounts payable at year-end were $71,000 and $39,000, respectively. Assume that the accounts payable related to operating expenses. Ignore income taxes.

Instructions
Using the direct method, compute net cash provided (used) by operating activities.

Situation B:
The income statement for Edgebrook Company shows cost of goods sold $310,000 and operating expenses (exclusive of depreciation) $230,000. The comparative balance sheet for the year shows that inventory increased $21,000, prepaid expenses decreased $8,000, accounts payable (related to merchandise) decreased $17,000, and accrued expenses payable increased $11,000.

Instructions
Compute (a) cash payments to suppliers and (b) cash payments for operating expenses.

Click here for the solution: (Computation of Operating Activities—Direct Method) Presented below are two independent situations

(Unknown Periods and Unknown Interest Rate) Consider the following independent situations

ACC 421 Week 5

Exercise 6-10 (E6-10) (Unknown Periods and Unknown Interest Rate)
Consider the following independent situations. (a) Mike Finley wishes to become a millionaire. His money market fund has a balance of $92,296 and has a guaranteed interest rate of 10%. How many years must Mike leave that balance in the fund in order to get his desired $1,000,000? (b) Assume that Serena Williams desires to accumulate $1 million in 15 years using her money market fund balance of $182,696. At what interest rate must Serena’s investment compound annually?

Click here for the solution: (Unknown Periods and Unknown Interest Rate) Consider the following independent situations