Artic Appliances uses the periodic inventory system

PR 7-3A LIFO Periodic inventory by three methods

Artic Appliances uses the periodic inventory system. Details regarding the inventory of appliances at January 1, 2010, purchases invoices during the year, and the inventory count at December 31, 2010, are summarized as follows:

Inventory,
Purchases Invoices
Inventory Count,
Model January 1 1st 2nd 3rd December 31
BB900 27 at $213 21 at $215 18 at $222 18 at $225 30
C911 10 at 60 6 at 65 2 at 65 2 at 70 4
L100 6 at 305 3 at 310 3 at 316 4 at 317 4
N201 2 at 520 2 at 527 2 at 530 2 at 535 4
Q73 6 at 520 8 at 531 4 at 549 6 at 542 7
Z120 — 4 at 222 4 at 232 — 2
ZZRF 8 at 70 12 at 72 16 at 74 14 at 78 12

Instructions
1. Determine the cost of the inventory on December 31, 2010, by the first-in, first-out method. Present data in columnar form, using the following headings:

Model Quantity Unit Cost Total Cost

If the inventory of a particular model comprises one entire purchase plus a portion of another purchase acquired at a different unit cost, use a separate line for each purchase.

2. Determine the cost of the inventory on December 31, 2010, by the last-in, first-out method, following the procedures indicated in (1).

3. Determine the cost of the inventory on December 31, 2010, by the average cost method, using the columnar headings indicated in (1).

4. Discuss which method (FIFO or LIFO) would be preferred for income tax purposes in periods of (a) rising prices and (b) declining prices.

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Holder-Webb Company began operations on January 1, 2005, and uses the average cost method of pricing inventory

E22-2 (Change in Principle—Inventory Methods) Holder-Webb Company began operations on January 1, 2005, and uses the average cost method of pricing inventory. Management is contemplating a change in inventory methods for 2008. The following information is available for the years 2005–2007.

Net Income Computed Using
2005: Average Cost = $15,000 FIFO: $19,000 LIFO: $12,000
2006: Average Cost = $18,000 FIFO: $23,000 LIFO: $14,000
2007: Average Cost= $20,000 FIFO: $25,000 LIFO: $17,000

Instructions
(Ignore all tax effects.)

(a) Prepare the journal entry necessary to record a change from the average cost method to the FIFO method in 2008.

(b) Determine net income to be reported for 2005, 2006, and 2007, after giving effect to the change in accounting principle.

(c) Assume Holder-Webb Company used the LIFO method instead of the average cost method during the years 2005–2007. In 2008, Holder-Webb changed to the FIFO method. Prepare the journal entry necessary to record the change in principle.

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Easy Decorating uses a job order costing system to collect the costs of its interior decorating business

E2-13 Easy Decorating uses a job order costing system to collect the costs of its interior decorating business. Each client's consultation is treated as a separate job. Overhead is applied to each job based on the number of decorator hours incurred. Listed below are data for the current year.

Budgeted overhead $960,000
Actual overhead $982,800
Budgeted decorator hours 40,000
Actual decorator hours 40,500
The company uses Operating Overhead in place of Manufacturing Overhead.

Required:
a) Compute the predetermined overhead rate.
b) Prepare the entry to apply the overhead for the year.
c) Determine whether the overhead was under- or overapplied and by how much.

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Mabry Manufacturing Company uses a job order cost system in each of its three manufacturing departments

P2-4A Mabry Manufacturing Company uses a job order cost system in each of its three manufacturing departments. Manufacturing overhead is applied to jobs on the basis of direct labor cost in Department D, direct labor hours in Department E, and machine hours in Department K.

In establishing the predetermined overhead rates for 2008 the following estimates were made for the year.

Department
D E K
Manufacturing overhead $1,050,000 $1,500,000 $840,000
Direct labor costs $1,500,000 $1,250,000 $450,000
Direct labor hours 100,000 125,000 40,000
Machine hours 400,000 500,000 120,000
During January, the job cost sheets showed the following costs and production data.
Department
D E K
Direct materials used $140,000 $126,000 $78,000
Direct labor costs $120,000 $110,000 $37,500
Manufacturing overhead incurred $89,000 $124,000 $74,000
Direct labor hours 8,000 11,000 3,500
Machine hours 34,000 45,000 10,400

Required:
a) Compute the predetermined overhead rate for each department
b) Compute the total manufacturing costs assigned to jobs in January in each department
c) Compute the under- or overapplied overhead for each department at January 31

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Beck Company uses the indirect method of preparing the Statement of Cash Flows

Beck Company uses the indirect method of preparing the Statement of Cash Flows and reports the following comparative balance sheet information. As customary, the most recent data is in the first column.

Balance Sheets
12-31-2007 12-31-2006
Cash $60,000 $80,000
Inventory 150,000 128,000
Equipment 240,000 205,000
Accumulated depreciation (39,000) (15,000)
$411,000 $398,000

Accounts payable $93,000 $133,000
Bonds payable (due in 7 years) 81,000 70,000
Common stock 129,000 120,000
Retained earnings 108,000 75,000
$411,000 $398,000

Additional information:
Net income for 2007 was $40,000.
No equipment was disposed of during 2007.

Required:
Prepare a Cash Flow Statement using the indirect method.

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Dacher Company uses a job order cost system

Dacher Company uses a job order cost system. The following data summarize the operations related to production for October:

a. Materials purchased on account, $450,000.
b. Materials requisitioned, $425,000, of which $4,500 was for general factory use.
c. Factory labor used, $385,000, of which $95,000 was indirect.
d. Other costs incurred on account were for factory overhead, $125,400; selling expenses, $87,500; and administrative expenses, $56,400.
e. Prepaid expenses expired for factory overhead were $12,500; for selling expenses, $14,500; and for administrative expenses, $8,500.
f. Depreciation of factory equipment was $25,300; of office equipment, $31,600; and of store equipment, $7,600.
g. Factory overhead costs applied to jobs, $261,500.
h. Jobs completed, $965,000.
i. Cost of goods sold, $952,400.

Journalize the entries to record the summarized operations.

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Staircase Equipment Company uses a job order cost system

PR 17-2A Staircase Equipment Company uses a job order cost system. The following data summarize the operations related to production for April 2010, the first month of operations:

a. Materials purchased on account, $23,400.
b. Materials requisitioned and factory labor used:
Job Materials Factory Labor
No. 201 2,350 2,200
No. 202 2,875 2,970
No. 203 1,900 1,490
No. 204 6,450 5,460
No. 205 4,100 4,150
No. 206 2,980 2,650
General factory use 860 3,250
c. Factory overhead costs incurred on account, $4,500.
d. Depreciation of machinery and equipment, $1,560.
e. The factory overhead rate is $50. per machine hour. Machine hours used:
Job Machine Hours
No. 201 18
No. 202 30
No. 203 24
No. 204 75
No. 205 33
No. 206 20
Total 200
f. Jobs completed: 201, 202, 203, and 205.
g. Jobs were shipped and customers were billed as follows: Job201, $6,540; Job 202, $8,820; Job 203, $11,880.

Instructions
1. Journalize the entries to record the summarized operations.
2. Post the appropriate entries to T accounts for Work in Process and Finished Goods, using the identifying letters as dates. Insert memo account balances as of the end of the month.
3. Prepare a schedule of unfinished jobs to support the balance in the work in process account.
4. Prepare a schedule of completed jobs on hand to support the balance in the finished goods account.

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Twyla Enterprises uses a word processing computer to handle its sales invoices

ACC 560 Week 5 Assignment

E7-11 Twyla Enterprises uses a word processing computer to handle its sales invoices. Lately, business has been so good that it takes an extra 3 hours per night, plus every third Saturday, to keep up with the volume of sales invoices. Management is considering updating its computer with a faster model that would eliminate all of the overtime processing.

Current Machine New Machine
Original purchase cost $15,000 $25,000
Accumulated depreciation 6,000 ---
Estimated operating costs 24,000 18,000
Useful life 5 years 5 years

If sold now, the current machine would have a salvage value of $5,000. If operated for the remainder of its useful life, the current machine would have zero salvage value. The new machine is expected to have zero salvage value after 5 years.

Complete the analysis to determine if the current machine should be replaced.

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Americus Camera Shop uses the lower-of-cost-or-market basis for its inventory

E6-9 Americus Camera Shop uses the lower-of-cost-or-market basis for its inventory. The following data are available at December 31.

Item Units Unit Cost Market
Cameras
Minolta 5 $170 $156
Canon 6 150 152
Light Meters
Vivitar 12 125 115
Kodak 14 120 135

Instructions
Determine the amount of the ending inventory by applying the lower-of-cost-or-market basis

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Raney Company uses a flexible budget for manufacturing overhead based on direct labor hours

ACC 560 Week 6 Assignment

E10-4 Raney Company uses a flexible budget for manufacturing overhead based on direct labor hours. Variable manufacturing overhead costs per direct labor hour are as follows.
Indirect labor $1.00
Indirect materials 0.50
Utilities 0.40

Fixed overhead costs per month are: Supervision $4,000, Depreciation $1,500, and Property Taxes $800. Assume that in July 2008, Raney Company incurs the following manufacturing overhead costs.
Variable Costs Fixed Costs
Indirect labor $8,700 Supervision $4,000
Indirect materials 4,300 Depreciation 1,500
Utilities 3,200 Property taxes 800

Instructions
a) Prepare a flexible budget performance report, assuming that the company worked 9,000 direct labor hours during the month.
b) Prepare a flexible budget performance report, assuming that the company worked 8,500 direct labor hours during the month.
c) Comment on your finding

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Zelmer Company uses budgets in controlling costs

ACC 560 Week 6 Assignment

P10-3A Zelmer Company uses budgets in controlling costs. The August 2008 budget report for the company's Assembling Department is as follows.

ZELMER COMPANY
Budget Report
Assembling Department
For the Month Ended August 31, 2008
Difference
Favorable F
Manufacturing Costs Budget Actual Unfavorable U
Variable costs
Direct materials $ 48,000 $ 47,000 $1,000 F
Direct labor 54,000 51,300 2,700 F
Indirect materials 24,000 24,200 200 U
Indirect labor 18,000 17,500 500 F
Utilities 15,000 14,900 100 F
Maintenance 9,000 9,200 200 U
Total variable 168,000 164,100 3,900 F
Fixed costs
Rent 12,000 12,000 -0-
Supervision 17,000 17,000 -0-
Depreciation 7,000 7,000 -0-
Total fixed 36,000 36,000 -0-
Total costs $204,000 $200,100 $3,900 F

The monthly budget amounts in the report were based on an expected production of 60,000 units per month or 720,000 units per year. The Assembling Department manager is pleased with the report and expects a raise, or at least praise for a job well done. The company president, however, is unhappy with the results for August, because only 58,000 units were produced.

Instructions
(a) State the total budgeted cost formula.
(b) Prepare a budget report for August using flexible budget data. Why does this report provide a better basis for evaluating performance than the report based on static budget data?
(c) In September, 64,000 units were produced. Prepare the budget report using flexible budget data, assuming (1) each variable cost was 10% higher than its actual cost in August, and (2) fixed costs were the same in September as in August.

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Crede Manufacturing Company uses a standard cost accounting system

P11-4A Crede Manufacturing Company uses a standard cost accounting system. In 2005, 33,000 units were produced. Each unit took several pounds of direct materials and 11/3 standard hours of direct labor at a standard hourly rate of $12.00. Normal capacity was 42,000 direct labor hours. During the year, 132,000 pounds of raw materials were purchased at $0.90 per pound. All pounds purchased were used during the year.

Instructions
(a) If the materials price variance was $3,960 unfavorable, what was the standard materials price per pound?
(b) If the materials quantity variance was $2,871 favorable, what was the standard materials quantity per unit?
(c) What were the standard hours allowed for the units produced?
(d) If the labor quantity variance was $8,400 unfavorable, what were the actual direct labor hours worked?
(e) If the labor price variance was $4,470 favorable, what was the actual rate per hour?
(f) If total budgeted manufacturing overhead was $327,600 at normal capacity, what was the predetermined overhead rate per direct labor hour?
(g) What was the standard cost per unit of product?
(h) How much overhead was applied to production during the year?
(i) If the standard fixed overhead rate was $2.50, what was the overhead volume variance?
(j) If the overhead controllable variance was $3,000 favorable, what were the total variable overhead costs incurred? (Assume that the overhead controllable variance relates only to variable costs.)
(k) Using selected answers above, what were the total costs assigned to work in process?


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Polaski Inc. uses an actual cost, job order system

Polaski Inc. uses an actual cost, job order system. The following transactions are for August 2010. At the beginning of the month, Direct Material Inventory was $ 2,000, Work in Process Inventory was $ 10,500, and Finished Gods Inventory $ 6,500.

- Direct material purchases on account totaled $ 90,000.
- Direct labor cost for the period totaled $ 75,600 for 8,000 direct labor hours; these costs were paid in cash.
- Actual overhead costs were $ 82,000 and are applied on production.
- The ending inventory of Direct Material Inventory was $ 3,500.
- The ending inventory of Work in Process Inventory was $ 7,750.
- Goods costing $ 243,700 were sold for $ 350,400 cash

a. What was the actual OH rate per direct labor hour?
b. Journalize the preceding transactions.
c. Determine the ending balance in Finished Goods Inventory.


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Keltner Co. uses a job order cost system

PR 19-1A Keltner Co. uses a job order cost system. The following data summarize the operations related to production for November:
a. Materials purchased on account, $350,000.
b. Materials requisitioned, $275,000, of which $35,000 was for general factory use.
c. Factory labor used, $324,500, of which $45,500 was indirect.
d. Other costs incurred on account were for factory overhead, $128,600; selling expenses, $116,400; and administrative expenses, $72,500.
e. Prepaid expenses expired for factory overhead were $14,500; for selling expenses, $12,300; and for administrative expenses, $8,900.
f. Depreciation of office building was $42,000; of office equipment, $21,500; and of factory equipment, $14,500.
g. Factory overhead costs applied to jobs, $256,400.
h. Jobs completed, $726,500.
i. Cost of goods sold, $715,000.

Instructions
Journalize the entries to record the summarized operations.


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Landmark Book Store uses the conventional retail method

Landmark Book Store uses the conventional retail method.

Instructions
Given the following data, prepare a neat, labeled schedule showing the computation of the cost of inventory on hand at 12/31/10.

Cost Retail
Inventory 1/1/10 $ 28,900 $ 40,000
Purchases 353,600 610,000
Purchases Returns 9,000 20,000
Purchase Discounts 7,000
Sales (Gross) 615,000
Sales Returns 20,000
Employee Discounts 5,000
Freight-in 23,500
Freight-out 50,000
Loss from Breakage 2,500
Markups 38,000
Markup Cancellations 18,000
Markdowns 13,500
Markdown Cancellations 8,500

B. Landmark Book Store has decided to switch to the LIFO retail method for the period beginning 1/1/11.

Instructions
Prepare a schedule showing the computation of the 12/31/11 inventory under the LIFO retail method adjusted for price level changes (i.e., dollar-value LIFO Retail.) Without prejudice to your answer in requirement A above, assume that the 12/31/10 inventory computed under the LIFO Retail method was $40,000 and $27,500 at retail and cost, respectively, for purposes of this requirement. Data for 2011 follows:
Cost Retail
Purchases (net) $375,000 $485,000
Sales (net) 420,000
Markups (net) 30,000
Markdowns (net) 15,000
2010 Price Index 100
2011 Price Index 120


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Finlon Upholstery, Inc. uses a job-order costing system to accumulate manufacturing costs

Finlon Upholstery, Inc. uses a job-order costing system to accumulate manufacturing costs. The company's work-in-process on December 31, 20x1, consisted of one job (no. 2077), which was carried on the year-end balance sheet at $156,800. There was no finished-goods inventory on this date.

Finlon applies manufacturing overhead to production on the basis of direct-labor cost. (The budgeted direct-labor cost is the company's practical capacity, in terms of direct-labor hours, multiplied by the budgeted direct-labor rate.) Budgeted totals for 20x2 for direct labor and manufacturing overhead are $4,200,000 and $5,460,000, respectively. Actual results for the year follow.

Direct Materials Used $5,600,000.00
Direct Labor $4,350,000.00
Indirect Material Used $65,000.00
Indirect Labor $2,860,000.00
Factory Depreciation $1,740,000.00
Factory Insurance $59,000.00
Factory Utilities $830,000.00
Selling and Administrative Expenses $2,160,000.00
Total $17,664,000.00

Job no. 2077 was completed in January 20x2; there was no work in process at year-end. All jobs produced during 20x2 were sold with the exception of job no. 2143, which contained direct material costs of $156,000 and direct-labor charges of $85,000. The company charges any under- or overapplied overhead to Cost of Goods Sold.

Directions:
1 Calculate the companies predetermined overhead application rate.
2.Calculate the additions to the work-in-process inventory account for the direct material used, direct labor and manufacturing overhead.
3.Calculate the finished goods inventory for the 12/31/x2 balance sheet.
4.Calculate the over-applied or under applied overhead at year end.
5.Explain if it is appropriate to include the selling and administrative expenses within cost of goods sold.


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Bluma Co. uses a perpetual inventory system and both an accounts receivable and an accounts payable subsidiary ledger

Bluma Co. uses a perpetual inventory system and both an accounts receivable and an accounts payable subsidiary ledger. Balances related to both the general ledger and the subsidiary ledger for Bluma are indicated in the working papers. Presented below are a series of transactions for Bluma Co. for the month of January. Credit sales terms are 2/10, n/30. The cost of all merchandise sold was 60% of the sales price.

Jan. 3 Sell merchandise on account to B. Richey $3,100, invoice no. 510, and to J. Forbes $1,800, invoice no. 511.
5 Purchase merchandise from S. Vogel $5,000 and D. Lynch $2,200, terms n/30.
7 Receive checks from S. LaDew $4,000 and B. Garcia $2,000 after discount period has lapsed.
8 Pay freight on merchandise purchased $235.
9 Send checks to S. Hoyt for $9,000 less 2% cash discount, and to D. Omara for $11,000 less 1% cash discount.
9 Issue credit of $300 to J. Forbes for merchandise returned.
10 Summary daily cash sales total $15,500.
11 Sell merchandise on account to R. Dvorak $1,600, invoice no. 512, and to S. LaDew $900, invoice no. 513.
12 Pay rent of $1,000 for January.
13 Receive payment in full from B. Richey and J. Forbes less cash discounts.
15 Withdraw $800 cash by M. Bluma for personal use.
15 Post all entries to the subsidiary ledgers.
16 Purchase merchandise from D. Omara $18,000, terms 1/10, n/30; S. Hoyt $14,200, terms 2/10, n/30; and S. Vogel $1,500, terms n/30.
17 Pay $400 cash for office supplies.
18 Return $200 of merchandise to S. Hoyt and receive credit.
20 Summary daily cash sales total $20,100.
21 Issue $15,000 note, maturing in 90 days, to R. Moses in payment of balance due.
21 Receive payment in full from S. LaDew less cash discount.
22 Sell merchandise on account to B. Richey $2,700, invoice no. 514, and to R. Dvorak $1,300, invoice no. 515.
22 Post all entries to the subsidiary ledgers.
23 Send checks to D. Omara and S. Hoyt in full payment less cash discounts.
25 Sell merchandise on account to B. Garcia $3,500, invoice no. 516, and to J. Forbes $6,100, invoice no. 517.
27 Purchase merchandise from D. Omara $14,500, terms 1/10, n/30; D. Lynch $1,200, terms n/30; and S. Vogel $5,400, terms n/30.
27 Post all entries to the subsidiary ledgers.
28 Pay $200 cash for office supplies.
31 Summary daily cash sales total $21,300.
31 Pay sales salaries $4,300 and office salaries $3,800.

Instructions
(a) Record the January transactions in a sales journal, a single-column purchases journal, a cash receipts journal as shown on page 313, a cash payments journal as shown on page 318, and a two-column general journal.
(b) Post the journals to the general ledger.
(c) Prepare a trial balance at January 31, 2010, in the trial balance columns of the worksheet. Complete the worksheet using the following additional information.
1. Office supplies at January 31 total $900.
2. Insurance coverage expires on October 31, 2010.
3. Annual depreciation on the equipment is $1,500.
4. Interest of $50 has accrued on the note payable.
TB totals $202,900; Adj. T/B totals $203,075
(d) Prepare a multiple-step income statement and an owner's equity statement for January and a classified balance sheet at the end of January.
Net income $20,755; total assets $143,505
(e) Prepare and post adjusting and closing entries.
(f) Prepare a post-closing trial balance, and determine whether the subsidiary ledgers agree with the control accounts in the general ledger.
PCTB $145,130


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Arnie, a U.S. citizen who uses the calendar year as his tax year and the cash method of accounting, operates a sole proprietorship in Country Z

C:16-39 Translation of Foreign Tax Payments.

Arnie, a U.S. citizen who uses the calendar year as his tax year and the cash method of accounting, operates a sole proprietorship in Country Z. In Year 1, he reports 500,000 doubles of pretax profits. On June 1 of Year 2, he pays Country Z income taxes of 150,000 doubles for calendar Year 1. Double-U.S. dollar exchange rates on various dates in Year 1 and Year 2 are as follows:

December 31, Year 1 4.00 doubles $1 (U.S.)
Year 1 average 3.75 doubles $1 (U.S.)
June 1, Year 2 4.25 doubles $1 (U.S.)

a. What is the U.S. dollar amount of Arnie’s foreign tax credit? In what year can Arnie claim the credit?
b. How would your answer to Part a change if Arnie elected to accrue his foreign income taxes on December 31 of Year 1, and filed his Year 1 U.S. income tax return on April 15 of Year 2?
c. What adjustment to the credit claimed in Part b would Arnie have to make when he pays his Country Z taxes on June 1 of Year 2?


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BC Company uses a job order cost accounting system

BC Company uses a job order cost accounting system. During the month of April, the following events occurred:

(a) Purchased raw materials on credit, $32,000.
(b) Raw materials requisitioned: $25,800 as direct materials and $10,500 indirect materials.
(c) Paid factory payroll for the month totaling $37,700 which includes $8,200 indirect labor.
(d) Assigned the factory payroll to jobs and overhead.

Make the necessary journal entries to record the above transactions and events.


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Ramirez Company manufactures goods to special order and uses a job order cost system

Job order cost; journal entries; ending work in process; inventory analysis

Problem 1-8 Ramirez Company manufactures goods to special order and uses a job order cost system. During its first month of operations, the following selected transactions took place:
a. Materials purchased on account . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $37,000
b. Materials issued to the factory:
Job 101 $ 2,200
Job 102 5,700
Job 103 7,100
Job 104 1,700
For general use in the factory 1,350
c. Factory wages and salaries earned:
Job 101 $ 2,700
Job 102 6,800
Job 103 9,200
Job 104 2,100
For general work in the factory 2,250
d. Miscellaneous factory overhead costs on account . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2,400
e. Depreciation of $2,000 on the factory machinery recorded.
f. Factory overhead allocated as follows:
Job 101 $ 1,200
Job 102 2,000
Job 103 3,800
Job 104 1,000
g. Jobs 101, 102, and 103 completed.
h. Jobs 101 and 102 shipped to the customer and billed at $30,900.

Required:
1. Prepare a schedule reflecting the cost of each of the four jobs.
2. Prepare journal entries to record the transactions. (One control account is used for Work in Process.)
3. Compute the ending balance in Work in Process.
4. Compute the ending balance in Finished Goods.


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